Located on a plateau in the Judean mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea, it is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is considered the holy city by the three main Abrahamic religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

Jerusalem has an important role in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Jerusalem's annual statistics book listed 1,204 synagogues, 158 churches, and 73 mosques within the city. Despite efforts to maintain peaceful religious coexistence, some places, such as the Temple Mount, have continually been a source of friction and controversy.

Jerusalem has been sacred to the Jews since King David proclaimed it as their capital in the tenth century BC. Jerusalem was the site of Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple. [6] It is mentioned in the Bible 632 times. Today the Wailing Wall, a remnant of the wall surrounding the Second Temple, is the second holy place for Jews second only to the Holy of Holies on the Temple Mount itself. Synagogues around the world are traditionally built with their Aron Hakodesh facing Jerusalem, and those within Jerusalem facing the Holy of Holies.] As prescribed in the Mishnah and coded in the Shulchan Aruch, daily prayers are recited toward Jerusalem and the Temple Mount. Many Jews have "Mizrach" (east) signs hanging on a wall of their homes to indicate the direction of the prayer.

Holy Sepulcher Church
Christianity reveres Jerusalem not only for Old Testament history but also for its significance in the life of Jesus. According to the New Testament, Jesus was taken to Jerusalem shortly after his birth. The Upper Room, believed to be the site of Jesus' Last Supper, is located on Mount Zion in the same building that houses the tomb of David. Another prominent Christian place in Jerusalem is Golgotha, the place of crucifixion. John's Gospel describes it as being located outside Jerusalem, but recent archaeological evidence suggests that Golgotha ​​is within walking distance of the Old City wall within the city's confinement.
The Holy Sepulcher has been a place of pilgrimage for Christians for the last two thousand years.

Jerusalem is considered the third holy city of Islam. About a year before being permanently exchanged by Kaaba in Mecca, the quibla (direction of prayer) for Muslims was Jerusalem. The permanence of the city in Islam, however, is primarily according to Muhammad's Ascension Night (c. 620). Muslims believe that Muhammad was miraculously transported one night from Mecca to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, where he ascended to Paradise to meet the previous prophets of Islam. The first verse in the Qur'an Al-Isra notifies the fate of the journey of Muhammad as the Al-Aqsa Mosque (the farthest), by reference to its location in Jerusalem. Today, the Temple Mount is covered by two Islamic landmarks to commemorate the event. The Al-Aqsa Mosque, derived from the name mentioned in the Quran, and the Dome of the Rock, which sits atop the cornerstone, in which Muslims believe Muhammad ascended into heaven.

---